Baking Temperature Converter

Convert oven temperatures between Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Gas Mark instantly.

Fahrenheit

—

°F

Celsius

—

°C

Gas Mark

—

Gas oven setting

Common Baking Temperatures

Description °F °C Gas Mark
Very Low / Warming 250 120 1/2
Low 275 135 1
Slow / Low 300 150 2
Moderately Slow 325 163 3
Moderate (Most Baking) 350 177 4
Moderately Hot 375 190 5
Hot 400 204 6
Very Hot 425 218 7
Very Hot / Pizza 450 232 8
Extremely Hot / Broil 475 246 9

Oven Temperature Guide

Temperature Formulas

  • Fahrenheit to Celsius: C = (F - 32) × 5/9
  • Celsius to Fahrenheit: F = C × 9/5 + 32
  • Gas Mark to Fahrenheit: F = (Gas Mark × 25) + 250

Typical Baking Temperatures

  • Cookies: 325-375°F (163-190°C)
  • Cakes: 325-350°F (163-177°C)
  • Bread: 350-425°F (177-218°C)
  • Pizza: 450-500°F (232-260°C)
  • Pastry: 375-425°F (190-218°C)
  • Roasting meat: 325-450°F (163-232°C)

Convection Oven Adjustment

If your recipe is for a conventional oven but you are using convection (fan-assisted), reduce temperature by 25°F (~15°C) or reduce cooking time by about 25%. The circulating air cooks food more efficiently.

Altitude Adjustments

At elevations above 3,000 feet, increase oven temperature by 15-25°F to help set the structure of baked goods before they over-rise. You may also need to:

  • Increase liquid by 2-4 tbsp per cup
  • Reduce sugar by 1-2 tbsp per cup
  • Reduce leavening by 25%

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Gas Mark and where is it used?
Gas Mark is a temperature scale used on gas ovens, primarily in the United Kingdom and some Commonwealth countries. Gas Mark 1 corresponds to 275°F (135°C) and each increment of 1 adds approximately 25°F (14°C). If your oven uses Gas Mark settings, this converter helps you follow recipes written in Fahrenheit or Celsius.
Why do some recipes call for preheating the oven?
Preheating ensures the oven reaches the target temperature before food goes in, which is critical for consistent results. Baked goods like cakes, cookies, and bread depend on immediate exposure to the correct temperature for proper rising, structure, and browning. Most ovens take 10-15 minutes to fully preheat.
Should I adjust oven temperature for convection/fan ovens?
Yes. Convection (fan-assisted) ovens circulate hot air, cooking food faster and more evenly. The general rule is to reduce the temperature by 25°F (about 15°C) compared to a conventional recipe, or reduce cooking time by about 25%. Check your oven manual for specific recommendations.
How does altitude affect baking temperature?
At high altitudes (above 3,000 feet / 914 meters), air pressure is lower, which causes baked goods to rise faster and lose moisture more quickly. Common adjustments include increasing temperature by 15-25°F, reducing sugar by 1-2 tablespoons per cup, increasing liquid by 2-4 tablespoons, and reducing leavening by 25%.

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